You're bang on the money, Jack. Even here, where our vehicle laws are fairly restrictive, if you meet the legal requirements in the jurisdiction your vehicle is registered in, you're okay (within reason, of course...no matter where you're from, vice grips won''t double for a steering wheel
).
In Canada, we generally adopt the US federal standards. While there is no requirement to have a windshield, as you say, if it is there, it must have functioning wipers, no cracks larger than 4", a working defroster, etc. Some Locost builders here have escaped these issues by having a simple "windscreen" (basically, a short plexiglass fairing), Brooklands screens, etc. I haven't seen anyone using simple goggles yet (with our roads, physiognomic media blasting is a distinct possibility), but I suspect you could get away with it.
The reason I'm going to the trouble of doing the whole approved-windshield thing is because I expect to get caught in the rain from time to time, and I hate getting wet (I don't like riding my motorcycle in the rain, either!). But there are lots of builders for whom this is never going to be an issue